At River Park Animal Hospital, we often educate pet parents about Feline Leukemia Virus (FeLV) and why prevention is so important.
FeLV is a retrovirus, meaning it inserts its own genetic material into a cat’s DNA. When the virus enters a cell, it converts its RNA into DNA and integrates that DNA into the host cell’s genome. If the viral DNA happens to insert near a proto-oncogene (a gene involved in cell growth), it can permanently activate that gene. This may cause uncontrolled cell division and increase the risk of cancers such as lymphoma or leukemia.
FeLV also weakens the immune system. When immunity is suppressed, abnormal or mutated cells are less likely to be eliminated. Over time, this creates an environment where tumors can form more easily.
Why is lymphoma especially common?
FeLV prefers infecting rapidly dividing cells—particularly bone marrow cells and lymphocytes. Because lymphocytes naturally multiply quickly, they are more vulnerable to malignant transformation after viral integration.
FeLV spreads mainly through saliva (bite wounds, close contact) and from mother to kittens. If your cat goes outdoors, annual vaccination is strongly recommended. Any newly adopted cat should be tested before being introduced to resident cats.
If you are interested knowing more about this illness get in touch with our veterinarians and found out more about it.